Mailong Metals

MONEL

MONEL R405 BAR
Monel R405 Bar

Monel R405 Bar

UNS N04405

Free-Cutting Nickel-Copper Alloy Bar for Precision Component Manufacturing

Monel R405 bar combines the proven seawater corrosion resistance of Monel 400 with enhanced machinability characteristics. The controlled addition of sulfur enables rapid chip formation and superior surface finish, making it ideal for production of precision fasteners, connectors, and specialized components.

Quick Specifications

Nickel Content
63-70% (typically 65%)
Copper Content
28-34% (typically 32%)
Sulfur Content
0.025-0.060% (FOR FREE-CUTTING)
Iron Content
1-2.5%
Manganese Content
1-2%
Bar Diameter Range
6 mm to 100 mm standard

Standards & Certifications

ASTM B164 (Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod and Bar)ASTM B366 (Nickel-Copper Alloy Forgings)ASME SB-164 (ASME equivalent specification)DIN 17748 / 2.4360 (Basis composition with free-cutting modification)ISO 6956 (Nickel-Copper alloy bar)AMS 4631M (Free-cutting variant)
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Product Description

Monel R405 is a free-cutting variant of the standard Monel 400 composition, modified through carefully controlled sulfur addition (0.025-0.060%) to enhance machining characteristics. This sulfur addition creates manganese sulfide inclusions that act as chip-breakers and reduce cutting tool stress, enabling significantly faster machining speeds and feeds compared to standard Monel 400. Despite the sulfur addition, Monel R405 retains the excellent seawater corrosion resistance characteristic of the Monel family.

The enhanced machinability of Monel R405 bar makes it the preferred material for high-volume production of complex fasteners, connector bodies, valve components, and specialized fittings destined for marine and chemical processing applications. The material can be machined at speeds 30-50% faster than standard Monel 400, reducing production time and manufacturing cost while maintaining superior corrosion resistance of the finished component. The controlled sulfur content is carefully monitored to ensure machining benefit without degradation of mechanical or corrosion properties.

Monel R405 bar is available in standard round bar forms from 6 mm to 100 mm diameter, with larger sizes and custom geometries available on special order. The material can be supplied in annealed condition for maximum ductility or in cold-drawn temper for enhanced strength. After machining, the bar can be solution-treated if dimensional stability adjustments are required, or used directly as machined depending on application requirements.

Monel R405 bar continues to dominate specifications for high-volume production of marine fasteners, propeller components, valve fittings, and connector bodies worldwide. The material's combination of uncompromised corrosion resistance with production-friendly machinability provides the manufacturing engineer with significant economic advantage, enabling high-volume production of quality components destined for demanding marine and offshore applications.

Specifications

Nickel Content63-70% (typically 65%)
Copper Content28-34% (typically 32%)
Sulfur Content0.025-0.060% (FOR FREE-CUTTING)
Iron Content1-2.5%
Manganese Content1-2%
Bar Diameter Range6 mm to 100 mm standard
Tensile Strength (Annealed)430-590 MPa
Yield Strength (0.2% offset, Annealed)160-310 MPa
Elongation (Annealed)30% minimum
Melting Point1300-1350°C
Density8.80 g/cm³
Machinability Index120-130% (vs. standard Monel 400 = 100%)

Chemical Composition

ElementContent (%)
Nickel (Ni)63.0-70.0 (typical: 65%)
Copper (Cu)28.0-34.0 (typical: 32%)
Iron (Fe)1.0-2.5
Manganese (Mn)1.0-2.0
Sulfur (S)0.025-0.060 (CONTROLLED FOR FREE-CUTTING)
Silicon (Si)0.5 (max)
Carbon (C)0.15 (max)
Cobalt (Co)0.25 (max)

Mechanical Properties

PropertyValue
Tensile Strength (Cold Drawn, 30% reduction)620-770 MPa
Yield Strength - Cold Drawn (0.2% offset)460-590 MPa
Elongation - Cold Drawn18-25%
Hardness (Annealed, HV)140-180
Hardness (Cold Drawn, HV)260-320
Modulus of Elasticity207-214 GPa
Impact Strength (Charpy, annealed)95+ J
Shear Strength (Annealed)280-360 MPa

Key Features & Advantages

Controlled sulfur addition (0.025-0.060%) enables superior machinability
30-50% faster cutting speeds compared to standard Monel 400
Excellent chip formation and surface finish reduce secondary operations
Retains full Monel 400 seawater and corrosion resistance
Available in multiple tempers: annealed and cold-drawn
Standard diameters 6-100 mm with custom sizes on request
Superior dimensional accuracy from high-speed machining
Cost-effective material for high-volume production fasteners and components

Applications

Marine and Offshore Fasteners

Extensive application in production of bolts, studs, screws, and rivets for marine vessels and offshore structures. The enhanced machinability enables cost-effective high-volume production while the corrosion resistance ensures fastener reliability throughout design service life.

Valve and Connector Components

Machined into valve stems, seats, connector bodies, and specialized fitting components for marine and chemical processing industries. The free-cutting characteristic enables production of complex geometries with precision surface finishes.

Propeller and Marine Hardware

Applied in production of propeller hubs, shaft couplings, and miscellaneous marine hardware where seawater corrosion resistance is essential. The material's machinability reduces production time and cost for these specialized components.

Chemical Processing Fasteners

Utilized in production of fastening elements for chemical processing equipment where both chemical corrosion resistance and rapid manufacturing are important to project economics.

Specialized Bearing and Support Components

Employed in production of bearing races, collars, spacers, and support components for seawater pump systems and marine transmission equipment. The combination of corrosion resistance and machinability enables complex component designs.

Electrical Connector and Contact Components

Applied in specialized electrical connectors and contact elements for marine electronics and instrumentation systems where corrosion resistance and precision dimensional control are critical to connector reliability.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does the sulfur addition in Monel R405 affect corrosion resistance?
No, the controlled sulfur addition (0.025-0.060%) for free-cutting does not degrade Monel R405 seawater or corrosion resistance. The manganese sulfide inclusions formed act as chip-breakers during machining but do not create preferential corrosion paths. Extensive service experience confirms equivalent corrosion performance to standard Monel 400.
What cutting speeds and feeds are recommended for Monel R405?
Monel R405 typically allows cutting speeds 30-50% faster than standard Monel 400. Recommended speeds: high-speed steel tools 15-30 m/min, carbide tools 40-100 m/min depending on operation. Controlled sulfur content produces excellent chip breaking and surface finish, allowing aggressive feeds. Tool geometry and coolant selection are critical for optimal results.
Can Monel R405 be welded?
Yes, Monel R405 is weldable using standard nickel-copper filler materials and conventional processes. The sulfur content may create minor weld quality considerations—use low-hydrogen welding procedures when possible. The material does not require special preheating or post-weld heat treatment for most applications.
Is Monel R405 suitable for components requiring high fatigue strength?
Monel R405 exhibits equivalent fatigue strength to standard Monel 400. However, the sulfur inclusions and machining operations may affect fatigue properties if surface finish is not optimized. For critical high-cycle fatigue applications, stress-relieving or surface finishing after machining may be specified.
What diameter sizes are available for Monel R405 bar?
Standard inventory includes diameters from 6 mm to 100 mm in 1 mm increments. Larger diameters up to 150 mm can be produced on special order. Custom shapes and sizes are available with lead times of 6-10 weeks. Contact our sales team for specific diameter and geometry availability.

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